This results in a characteristic emission line in the spectra (which corresponds to specific wavelengths of light). When an electron in an atom is excited to a higher energy level, it can de-excite by emitting a photon of light with an energy equal to the difference between the two levels. The orbitals are filled in a specific order, starting with the lowest energy orbital and working up.Įach element in the periodic table presents its own unique emission spectra, which is determined by the energy levels of its electrons. ![]() In the electron configuration notation, the letters "s", "p", "d", and "f" represent the different types of atomic orbitals, and the superscripts indicate the number of electrons in each orbital. The electron configuration of an element describes the arrangement of electrons in the atoms of that element, and be used to predict its chemical properties and reactivity. It is a tough plastic, used to make many rigid objects. One of the most widely used plastics, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), contains chlorine. ![]() Sodium hypochlorite is used to clean water in swimming pools, while bleaches and other cleaners use chlorine compounds to kill germs. This acid is a corrosive liquid that corrodes most metals, releasing hydrogen gas. It reacts with hydrogen to form hydrochloric acid, HCl, an industrial cleaner. For example, its compounds are present in many materials, from slippers to chloroform, CHCl 3. Today, chlorine is used in many other ways. Chlorine in its pure form is poisonous, and was used in World War I, as a weapon (soldiers had to wear masks to protect themselves from chlorine gas, Cl 2). The most common chlorine compound is sodium chloride, NaCl (in nature as the mineral halite, or rock salt).Ĭhlorine compounds are important to the body and used by muscles and nerves. It is a highly reactive gas that forms compounds, and does not exist in pure form in nature. It is highly reactive and forms compounds with almost all other elements.Ĭhlorine is named after the Greek word chlóros, meaning “ pale green“, and refers to the color of this gaseous element. It is a highly reactive, yellow-green gas that belongs to the halogen group in the periodic table. ![]() Chlorine gas has been used in the production of many solvents but it was not until 1915 during World War 1 that the german army used chlorine gas as a chemical weapon.Chlorine is a chemical element with the symbol Cl and atomic number 17. It has a melting point of -155°c and a boiling point of -100°c. It is located in Group 17 as a non metal yellow gas with a pungent smell familiar with swimming pools at room temperature. It took many years before Humphrey Davy concluded that the new gas discovered was a new element, he named it Chlorine after the Greek ‘Chloros’ meaning yellow green. Chlorine was first produced by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1774 when he reacted Manganese dioxide with hydrochloric acid, at the time he did not know the name of these chemicals and instead named them as the alchemical forms of pyrolusite and spiritus salis. It is also used in the production of many plastics such as PVC and also the production of insecticides and solvents. It is used in swimming pools commonly and also making drinking water safe by killing bacteria. It is a non metal with the symbol Cl.Ĭhlorine much like other Halogens has antiseptic properties. It has the atomic number 17 in the periodic table and belongs in Group 17, the Halogens. Chlorine (Cl) exists as a yellow green gas with a pungent smell.
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